Informatics Publishing Limited

S. Omprakash ¹, S. V. S. Raju ², M. Sunil Kumar ³

Affiliations
1 Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture, Acharya N.G. Ranga Agricultural University, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad A.P., IN
2 Department of Entomology and Agricultural Zoology, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi U.P., IN
3 Department of Horticulture, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi U.P., IN

Abstract

A field experiment was conducted to study the seasonal incidence and efficacy of certain low risk newer insecticides against Amarasca devastans on brinjal. The peak incidence ofA. devastans was recorded during last week of October 2011 and in which the incidence had non-significant relationship with abiotic factors like maximum temperature, minimum temperature, relative humidity and rainfall but significant relationship with biotic factors like coccinellid beetles as well as spiders. Regarding the efficacy of insecticides, the results indicated that new group of insecticides like neonicotinoids showed higher efficacy in controlling A. devanstans population. Among all the treatments, imidacloprid 17.8 % SL and thiamethoxam 25 WG were highly effective in reducing the population of A. devastans on brinjal. Other combination treatments like azadirachtin + imidacloprid, azadirachtin + thiamethoxam, azadirachtin + spisosad, and azadirachtin + triazophos showed moderate efficacy in reducing the A. devastans population.

Keywords

A. Devastans, Seasonal Incidence, Insecticides, Brinjal

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M. Sunil Kumar ¹, Vinod M. Kotebavi ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Amrita School of Engineering, Bengaluru, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham Amrita University, Bangalore - 560 035, IN

Abstract

The high demand of energy and limitations of fossil fuel has increased interest in renewable fuels dramatically in recent years. Biodiesel, biodegradable and non-toxic fuel extracted from any vegetable oil can also be considered as an alternative for the diesel fuel. In the present investigation Simarouba and Neem biodiesel was extracted by the combination of Sodium Hydroxide and methanol, the joint base catalyst by trans-esterification method. The properties like density, viscosity and calorific value are measured for dual biodiesel blends. The obtained values are meeting as per the properties of biodiesel standards. The extracted dual biodiesels was blended with diesel (0-40 %) and were experimented in a 4 stroke single cylinder diesel engine at varying loads. Results shows that the brake thermal efficiency decreases and specific fuel consumption increases with percentage increase in biodiesel blends. Emission characteristics like carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, oxides of nitrogen and Hydrocarbon with varying blends and varying loads are evaluated and plotted. It was found that the HC and CO emission reduces with percentage increase in biodiesel blends.

Keywords

Biodiesel, Methanol, Neem Oil, Performance and Emissions, Simarouba oil, Sodium Hydroxide, Trans-esterification.

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M. Sunil Kumar ¹, K. Amarnath ¹, M. Pradeep Kumar ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kamala Institute of Technology and Science, Karimnagar, Telangana, IN

Abstract

The availability of natural fibers and ease of manufacturing have made the researches to replace the expensive and non-renewable synthetic fiber. Natural fibers like kenaf, oil palm, vegetable, bamboo, jute, yepi, sisal, coconut and pineapple leaf , banana and coir has been used, till now as a reinforcement in thermoplastic composite for applications in consumer goods, transportation, aerospace automobile, furniture, low cost housing and civil structures etc. This is due to better mechanical properties like high strength to weight ratio, high stiffness etc. Among all the machining operation, drilling is one of the important machining processes to produce the holes. This paper optimizes the process parameters namely cutting speed, feed, point angle and chisel edge width in drilling of natural fiber composites. Experiments were carried out as per the Taguchi experimental design and an L₁₈ orthogonal array was used to study the influence of various combinations of process parameters in drilling. The results indicate that on Trust force, chisel edge width has more influence followed by point angle, speed and feed and on Torque, speed has more effect followed by feed, point angle and chisel width.

Keywords

Kenaf, Drilling, Trust Force.

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